:root {
  --ink: #12263a;
  --muted: #5e7182;
  --blue: #1e5d93;
  --blue-deep: #163b63;
  --blue-pale: #eaf2f8;
  --red: #c94040;
  --paper: #fffefd;
  --wash: #f5f8fa;
  --line: #d8e1e8;
  --shell: 1160px;
  --radius: 10px;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 5.5rem; }
body { margin: 0; color: var(--ink); background: var(--paper); font-family: Inter, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.65; }
a { color: inherit; }
img, video { display: block; max-width: 100%; }
button, summary { font: inherit; }

.skip-link { position: absolute; left: -999px; top: 1rem; z-index: 100; padding: .7rem 1rem; background: var(--ink); color: #fff; border-radius: 6px; }
.skip-link:focus { left: 1rem; }
.page-shell { width: min(var(--shell), calc(100% - 3rem)); margin: 0 auto; }
.narrow { width: min(780px, calc(100% - 3rem)); margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }

.site-header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 20; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(18, 38, 58, .1); background: rgba(255, 254, 253, .96); backdrop-filter: blur(12px); }
.nav-inner { min-height: 4.75rem; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 2rem; }
.wordmark { flex: none; text-decoration: none; font: 700 1.02rem/1 "DM Mono", monospace; letter-spacing: .08em; color: var(--ink); }
.wordmark span { color: var(--red); }
.site-header nav { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 1.5rem; margin-left: auto; }
.site-header nav a { color: var(--muted); font-size: .86rem; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; }
.site-header nav a:hover { color: var(--blue); }
.nav-paper { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); padding-bottom: .12rem; text-decoration: none; font-size: .86rem; font-weight: 700; white-space: nowrap; }
.nav-paper span { color: var(--red); }

.paper-header { padding: 5.8rem 0 2.8rem; background: linear-gradient(120deg, #fffefd 0%, #f3f8fb 100%); text-align: center; }
.header-copy h1 { max-width: 900px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; font-size: clamp(2.35rem, 4.5vw, 4.55rem); }
.header-copy h1 span { color: var(--blue); }
.header-copy .author-list { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }
.header-copy .affiliations { margin-bottom: 0; }
.teaser-section { padding: 0 0 5.75rem; background: linear-gradient(120deg, #fffefd 0%, #f3f8fb 100%); }
.teaser-frame.paper-frame { width: min(980px, calc(100% - 3rem)); margin: 0 auto; }

.hero { overflow: hidden; position: relative; padding: 6.25rem 0 5rem; background: linear-gradient(110deg, #fffefd 0%, #fffefd 52%, #f0f6fa 100%); }
.hero::after { content: ""; position: absolute; right: -14rem; top: -15rem; width: 42rem; height: 42rem; border: 1px solid rgba(30, 93, 147, .13); border-radius: 50%; box-shadow: 0 0 0 5rem rgba(30, 93, 147, .025), 0 0 0 10rem rgba(30, 93, 147, .018); pointer-events: none; }
.hero-layout { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, .95fr) minmax(0, 1.05fr); align-items: center; gap: 4.5rem; }
.eyebrow { margin: 0 0 1rem; color: var(--red); font: 500 .78rem/1 "DM Mono", monospace; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
h1, h2, h3, p { margin-top: 0; }
h1 { max-width: 700px; margin-bottom: 1.35rem; font-size: clamp(2.45rem, 4.1vw, 4.55rem); line-height: 1.04; letter-spacing: -.057em; font-weight: 800; }
h1 em { color: var(--blue); font-style: normal; }
.hero-lede { max-width: 650px; margin-bottom: 1.65rem; color: #425c71; font-size: 1.04rem; }
.author-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .2rem .75rem; max-width: 650px; font-size: .9rem; font-weight: 600; }
.author-list span:not(:last-child)::after { content: "·"; margin-left: .75rem; color: #a6b1ba; }
sup { color: var(--red); font-size: .67em; vertical-align: super; }
.affiliations { margin: .62rem 0 1.65rem; color: var(--muted); font-size: .78rem; }
.affiliations span { color: #81909b; }
.action-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .65rem; }
.button { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .55rem; min-height: 2.75rem; padding: .6rem 1rem; border: 1px solid transparent; border-radius: 6px; font-size: .87rem; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; transition: transform .2s ease, background .2s ease, border-color .2s ease; }
.button:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); }
.button-primary { background: var(--blue-deep); color: #fff; }
.button-primary:hover { background: var(--blue); }
.button-secondary { border-color: #c8d4dd; background: rgba(255,255,255,.68); color: var(--ink); }
.button-secondary:hover { border-color: var(--blue); }
.paper-frame { margin: 0; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 16px 42px rgba(18, 38, 58, .08); }
.paper-frame img { width: 100%; height: auto; background: #fff; }
.paper-frame figcaption { padding: .78rem .92rem .86rem; border-top: 1px solid #e8edf1; color: #667887; font-size: .75rem; line-height: 1.45; text-align: center; }
.hero-figure { box-shadow: 0 24px 62px rgba(18, 38, 58, .12); }

.stats-band { background: var(--blue-deep); color: #fff; }
.stats-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
.stats-grid div { min-height: 8rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; padding: 1.35rem 2rem; border-left: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.16); }
.stats-grid div:first-child { border-left: 0; }
.stats-grid strong { font-size: 2.25rem; line-height: 1; letter-spacing: -.05em; }
.stats-grid span { margin-top: .5rem; color: #cadbe8; font-size: .79rem; font-weight: 500; }

.section { padding: 6rem 0; }
.section-tint { background: var(--wash); border-top: 1px solid #e7eef3; border-bottom: 1px solid #e7eef3; }
h2 { margin-bottom: 1.15rem; font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.1vw, 3rem); line-height: 1.08; letter-spacing: -.045em; font-weight: 800; }
.section-intro { margin-bottom: 3rem; color: #526b7d; font-size: 1.02rem; }
.overview-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.13fr) minmax(280px, .87fr); align-items: stretch; gap: 3rem; }
.finding-list { display: grid; align-content: center; gap: 0; }
.finding-list article { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2.85rem 1fr; gap: 1rem; padding: 1.2rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.finding-list article:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.finding-index { padding-top: .25rem; color: var(--red); font: 500 .74rem/1 "DM Mono", monospace; }
.finding-list h3 { margin-bottom: .35rem; font-size: 1.08rem; line-height: 1.3; }
.finding-list p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .9rem; line-height: 1.65; }

.mechanism-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 1px; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--line); }
.mechanism-card { min-height: 13.5rem; padding: 2rem; background: #fff; }
.mechanism-card > span { color: var(--red); font: 500 .76rem/1 "DM Mono", monospace; }
.mechanism-card h3 { margin: 1.7rem 0 .65rem; font-size: 1.45rem; letter-spacing: -.035em; }
.mechanism-card p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .9rem; }
.method-note { margin-top: 1.25rem; }
.method-note p { margin: 0; padding-left: 1rem; border-left: 3px solid var(--red); color: #4c6374; font-size: .9rem; }
.method-note strong { color: var(--ink); }

.figure-explainer { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(250px, .75fr); align-items: center; gap: 3.5rem; }
.figure-explainer-reverse { grid-template-columns: minmax(250px, .75fr) minmax(0, 1.25fr); }
.figure-copy { padding: .5rem 0; }
.figure-number { margin-bottom: 1.1rem; color: var(--red); font: 500 .74rem/1 "DM Mono", monospace; letter-spacing: .1em; }
.figure-copy h3 { margin-bottom: 1rem; font-size: 1.65rem; line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -.04em; }
.figure-copy p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .93rem; }
.overview-after { margin-top: 3.5rem; }
.abstract-copy { color: #496174; font-size: 1rem; }
.abstract-copy p { margin-bottom: 1.25rem; }
.abstract-copy p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.evidence-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.18fr) minmax(260px, .82fr); gap: 4rem; align-items: center; }
.evidence-copy { position: relative; padding: 1rem 0 1rem 1.5rem; border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.quote-mark { position: absolute; top: -.65rem; left: .75rem; color: #dce8ef; font: 800 6rem/1 Georgia, serif; }
.evidence-copy p { position: relative; margin: 0 0 1rem; font-size: 1.22rem; line-height: 1.52; letter-spacing: -.025em; }
.evidence-copy span { color: var(--muted); font: 500 .73rem/1 "DM Mono", monospace; }

.demo-stack { display: grid; gap: 1rem; }
.case-study { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); background: #fff; overflow: hidden; }
.case-study summary { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; padding: 1.25rem 1.4rem; cursor: pointer; list-style: none; font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 700; }
.case-study summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.case-study summary::after { content: "+"; margin-left: .75rem; color: var(--red); font-size: 1.45rem; font-weight: 400; }
.case-study[open] summary { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.case-study[open] summary::after { content: "−"; }
.case-study summary span { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .8rem; }
.case-study summary b { color: var(--red); font: 500 .78rem/1 "DM Mono", monospace; }
.case-study summary small { margin-left: auto; color: var(--muted); font: 500 .73rem/1 "DM Mono", monospace; }
.case-intro { max-width: 800px; padding: 1.35rem 1.4rem 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .92rem; }
.case-intro p { margin-bottom: 0; }
.case-intro-visual { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(220px, .75fr) 1fr; gap: 1.3rem; align-items: center; max-width: none; }
.case-intro-visual img { width: 100%; max-height: 12rem; border: 1px solid #e2e9ee; object-fit: contain; }
.media-grid { display: grid; gap: 1rem; padding: 1.4rem; }
.media-grid-four { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
.media-grid-three { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
.media-grid figure { margin: 0; min-width: 0; }
.media-grid video, .media-grid figure > img { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 16 / 10; border: 1px solid #dfe7ec; background: #172a3b; object-fit: contain; }
.media-grid figcaption { padding-top: .62rem; color: #536a7b; font-size: .76rem; line-height: 1.45; text-align: center; }

.bibtex-section { background: #fff; }
.citation-heading { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; }
.citation-heading h2 { margin-bottom: 1.3rem; }
.copy-button { margin-bottom: 1.3rem; padding: .53rem .76rem; border: 1px solid #cdd9e0; border-radius: 5px; background: #fff; color: var(--blue-deep); cursor: pointer; font-size: .78rem; font-weight: 700; }
.copy-button:hover { border-color: var(--blue); }
.copy-button.copied { border-color: #76a16a; background: #f1f7ee; color: #416e36; }
pre { margin: 0; padding: 1.25rem; overflow-x: auto; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 8px; background: #f8fafb; color: #30485a; font: .78rem/1.7 "DM Mono", monospace; white-space: pre; }

.site-footer { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); background: #f7fafc; }
.footer-inner { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; padding: 1.5rem 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .76rem; }
.footer-inner p { margin: 0; }
.footer-inner a { color: var(--blue); }
.back-to-top { position: fixed; right: 1.4rem; bottom: 1.4rem; z-index: 15; width: 2.6rem; height: 2.6rem; border: 1px solid #c7d5df; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(255,255,255,.95); color: var(--blue-deep); box-shadow: 0 5px 16px rgba(18, 38, 58, .12); cursor: pointer; opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; transform: translateY(.4rem); transition: .2s ease; }
.back-to-top.visible { opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; transform: translateY(0); }

@media (max-width: 960px) {
  .hero-layout { gap: 2.5rem; }
  .overview-grid, .evidence-grid, .figure-explainer, .figure-explainer-reverse { gap: 2rem; }
  .media-grid-four { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .page-shell, .narrow { width: min(100% - 2rem, var(--shell)); }
  .site-header nav { display: none; }
  .nav-inner { min-height: 4.15rem; gap: 1rem; }
  .nav-paper { margin-left: auto; font-size: .8rem; }
  .hero { padding: 4rem 0 3.5rem; }
  .hero-layout, .overview-grid, .evidence-grid, .figure-explainer, .figure-explainer-reverse { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .hero-layout { gap: 2.4rem; }
  .paper-header { padding: 4rem 0 2rem; }
  .teaser-section { padding-bottom: 4rem; }
  h1 { font-size: clamp(2.35rem, 12vw, 3.4rem); }
  .stats-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .stats-grid div { min-height: 6.5rem; padding: 1.15rem; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.16); }
  .stats-grid div:nth-child(odd) { border-left: 0; }
  .stats-grid div:nth-child(-n+2) { border-top: 0; }
  .section { padding: 4.25rem 0; }
  .mechanism-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .mechanism-card { min-height: auto; padding: 1.5rem; }
  .mechanism-card h3 { margin-top: 1rem; }
  .media-grid-four, .media-grid-three { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .case-intro-visual { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .case-intro-visual img { max-height: none; }
  .footer-inner { flex-direction: column; }
}

@media (max-width: 470px) {
  .author-list { gap: .22rem .5rem; font-size: .82rem; }
  .author-list span:not(:last-child)::after { margin-left: .5rem; }
  .action-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .button { justify-content: center; }
  .media-grid-four, .media-grid-three { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .case-study summary { padding: 1rem; font-size: 1rem; }
  .case-study summary small { display: none; }
  .case-intro, .media-grid { padding-left: 1rem; padding-right: 1rem; }
  .stats-grid strong { font-size: 1.85rem; }
}